>>2068605
It's probably bicycles. Bicycles are technically more energy efficient than walking. Even pack animals like in your pic are responsible for a fairly significant amount of Greenhouse gas emissions. Cow farts are extremely potent sources of methane

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>>2068613
>be human
>win evolution race because you could run more efficiently than anything else
>the only things more efficient than you are large gliding birds
>win evolution race even more because you could think better than anything else
>use thinking to invent bikes, trains, ships and gliders that are all more efficient than anything the animal kingdom has ever came up with

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>>2068619
The fact that bicycles are around 4 times faster than walking for the same energy feels like magic to me, it doesn't seem like it should even be possible yet here we are

>>2068605
Hydrogen if you want to move anything weighing over a ton which is what most of the 21st century runs on.

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>>2068619
>gliders that are all more efficient than anything the animal kingdom has ever came up with
Our best gliders are still pretty lousy compared to many birds and far more limited in the conditions they can fly in.

>>2068619
We succeeded because of tools and coordination.
Most evidence available suggests that ancient humans didn't chase their prey over long distances, but used traps, natural landscape features, or sprinted in relays with other humans to catch prey.
Horses are better long-distance runners than us, even when they are carrying a rider, and there are many other animals that can easily outrun even a very fit human long enough to escape.

>>2068630
You are so fucking retarded and weak. End your life wattlet.

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>>2068655
Post strava stats if you're so much better

recent ride where I was sick but pretty close to my normal sprint effort. I can also post a ride where I did 5W/KG @ 360W for an hour

Also, the belief that humans are the best long distance runners is a myth spread by morons like you that never thought to check if it was true

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>>2068655
Since your next post is "but zwift doesn't count!!!", here's an effort from pavement after three days of racing.
Let's see what kind of numbers you put up for an hour and 1000m of climbing
Or if you're in western NA and on zwift we can just race and I can cook you in person

>>2068605
They all use oil. All of them.
Even that ox (and those pedestrians) ate food that was grown with fertilizers made using oil.
It's oil all the way down.

>>2068672
nta, I mean that's decent, but that's not "post on the internet with belligerent fight me text" good, maybe work on growing a thicker skin instead of sperging out over a lazy shitpost

>>2068688
It's good enough for 4chan lol

>>2068613
you have to factor in energy and emissions from bicycle production too

>>2068619
what evolution race
efficiency is a capitalistic metric and in nature can be easily outdone by other things

>>2068630
I hate running, but the sweating and tracking and exactly the long distance test against a horse are all bullshit?

>>2069060
people who parrot the "LOL JUST WALK EM TO DEATH" shit have never gone hunting in their life.

>>2068613
>>2069056
Bikes also benefit enormously from road infrastructure. You don't technically need pavement but a lot of the efficiency is lost if you don't have infrastructure.

>>2069056
I'm pretty sure a bicycle offsets its emissions over something like a horse within a year.

>>2069176
yeah i don't think all those exotic materials even regular steel is energy intensive to mine and shape

electric trains
>b-but where does da power come from lol!!!!
not an issue where I live, sorry your country is backwards and uses coal or oil plants for power.

>>2069186
>sure it costs 2-3 times more than fossil fuels
>sure it uses enormous amounts of land
>sure it's not actually oil-free since wind turbines still use oil-based lubricant and the manufacture of solar panels requires lots of energy to melt rare earth metals exported from foreign countries
>but I get to feel superior when talking about it, so it's all worth it

>>2068605
A nice old sailing ship, especially if it's a proper tall ship. Those things are just beautiful.

>>2069228
>requires oil to seal the wood
>requires oil to grease the thread for the sails
>requires oil to lubricate the captain's penis

>LOL TO MAKE IT U STILL NEED OIL!!!
this has been deboonk'd numerous times, the sourcing of parts for windmills and solar panels and such is factored into their listed carbon offsetting that the company uses to evade taxes

>>2069236
>yeah it's expensive but these will last for DECADES bro trust me

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>>2069175
Bicycles were invented before most roads were even paved. They don't need paved roads, you can get the same efficiency from compacted dirt paths instead, which doesn't require as much infrastructure. It's only when you start getting into grave or unmaintained natural terrain that you start seeing efficiency losses.

>>2069237
>average american thinks "decades" is a long time for a power plant
m8 most coal plants are pushing 70

>>2069238
I think I might buy one of those, always wanted one and it looks like some are making replicas these days. ~$1500 is not that bad for such low volume production as they would, especially considering the need for a custom hub and wheel.

>>2069238
>you can get the same efficiency from compacted dirt paths instead
and then it rains one time

>>2069236
>into their listed carbon offsetting
into the trash it goes

>>2069180
you vastly overestimate horse efficiency

>>2068688
Post strava stats if you're so much better

>>2069269
shut up

>>2069061
The walk em to death is an african savannah thing of course you are not gonna have much luck with that trying to bag a deer in NA

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>>2068605
>What's the best transport method that does not use oil?
everyone who said bikes is retarded

>>2069269
a horse caused me anal damage once

>>2069344
wood gasifier engines are based but surely it would be more efficient to gasify the wood and then pressurize it instead of carrying the whole ass engine

>>2069349
>but surely it would be more efficient to gasify the wood and then pressurize it instead of carrying the whole ass engine
some did that, the volume is inefficient and only fit for small travels, like modern EV lmao
now woodgas barely was touched since ww2, with the initial use feedback, the research made in the 70s, and the modern development of pellets stoves we could make pretty good wood gasifiers today

>>2069355
incorrect. they're all over the fucking place in North Korea, supposedly, and despite the quality you would expect from NK, the few smuggled out/observed by visitors are terrible for reasons mostly other than their engine but the wood gas engine is perfectly cromulent for what it is

and even in the west they were briefly popular for off-grid homes or jobsite/farm use where normally you'd have some overpriced and inappropriate for its draw gas generator

>>2069344
Woodgas mostly works on Model As because they have manual spark advance and low-compression engines. They're not the most efficient means of travel in the world, but they are pretty neato.

>>2069361
>supposedly
>anecdotal evidence

>>2069364
were U there

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>>2069362
it worked on about every car, truck, and tractor in ww2
tho it's true woodgas had a higher compression tolerance, this can be fixed by having an engine actually designed to it, mostly smaller combustion chamber
also adding a compressor between the gasifier and the engine intake help with that and a few other issues it had

>>2069349
>a horse caused me anal damage once
delet this

you can just convert a regular car to ethanol

>>2069235
It's possible to seal the wood together without oil. Wood to wood plank connections are used in Japanese boat building. It's also possible to use beeswax to lubricate the thread.

>>2069635
people made tar from pine trees before discovering oil

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>>2069635
it's also possible to just overlay timber enough times that it doesn't matter because wood ships always seep a little water through anyways that would be pumped out.

>>2069235
they made steel hulled tall ships with steel cables, although by then they typically also had tiny crews because they could use small steam engines to hoist the sails and yards instead.

>>2068605
diesel engines, unironically

these days they use petrol products but the original invention of the diesel engine was made to run on corn oil and intended to be a way to use farm waste. and older diesels do just fine on pure biodiesel and more modern ones can be "de-tuned" to tolerate non petroleum diesel fuel

straight up it's just "throw cooking oil and a bit of sulfuric acid in there and it just werks"

even firearms can run on pure dieseling. you can achieve transsonic speeds with air rifles by just putting some gelled oil in the skirts of pellets

>>2069664
>even firearms can run on pure dieseling. you can achieve transsonic speeds with air rifles by just putting some gelled oil in the skirts of pellets
It takes an entire tank of diesel to get the equivalent power of a weaker .22LR round out of an airgun. This is hardly a good use of space. Making nitrocellulose based smokeless powder at home isn't exactly all that difficult, it might actually be easier than sourcing biodiesel at home.

>>2069664
>and older diesels do just fine on pure biodiesel and more modern ones can be "de-tuned" to tolerate non petroleum diesel fuel
it's all about injection type and nozzle size. old diesels used indirect injection where there is a smaller chamber above the cylinder where the fuel is sprayed into, which swirls with air and mixes it with fuel before ignition. new engines use direct injection that sprays it directly into the cylinder at much higher pressures through much, much smaller nozzles to make it sufficiently atomized, which somewhat reduces the heat losses and emissions but is much more finnicky, problem prone and unreliable because instead of a simple piezo or mechanical spray they use complex pumps or pressurized common intermediate tanks(rails) for all cylinders together and the nozzles are expensive, wear out quicker and get clogged very easily with debris, inferior fuel and such. old indirect injection diesel engines can run on cooking oil unmodified, there are a couple videos of that on youtube. it makes the exhaust smells like french fries, too.

>straight up it's just "throw cooking oil and a bit of sulfuric acid in there and it just werks"
no need for the acid, just for the love of god install a proper filter to catch all the food bits before they get sucked into the engine and accumulate in there, clogging up and causing bacteria growth, spoiling your oil and fuel in the process.

>>2068630
it's not about hunting, it's about spread.

>>2068605
Electric bus

>>2069175
>>2069238
After biking on unpaved surfaces for a while, getting back on the road is the best feeling ever. Feels like you are teleporting. The real advantage is a 4m wide bike path can support nearly infinite bike traffic, while that doesn't even constitute a two way street.

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>>2069235
Some places with natural seeps probably used oil, but it was far from common and I have not heard about. Pine tar and plant oils like linseed were most common, coal tar as well. But these are not to seal the wood, you don't want to seal the wood, the swelling of the wood from the water it absorbs is what makes the boat water tight.
>>2069635
Most of the world built their wooden boats the same few ways, lapstrake and carvel being the most common and all the others are pretty much variations of these two until we get to the 20th century. Lapstrake just laps each board a bit over the previous and then clench nails or rivets them together and to the ribs. Carvel butts the planks against each other and then caulking made from plant fibers like hemp are forced in between the boards. Caulk is not strictly needed but it makes things easier.

Beeswax or a plant wax is the traditional lube for thread, never heard of using oil.
>>2069637
Oil has been known since before we knew how to make pine tar, it naturally seeps up all over the place.
>>2069660
>overlay timber enough times
That won't actually make things anymore water tight than the normal ways.

>>2070496
>That won't actually make things anymore water tight than the normal ways.
that is the normal way, i've described the method of clinker construction for larger ships

>>2070506
"Overlay timber enough times" meaning overlap the planking enough? The way you worded it makes it sound like double or triple planking.

>>2068605
Yeah

>>2070451
>4m wide bike path can support nearly infinite bike traffic,
not when it's nice out and the dentists get out there and slow everything down by riding their 5200$ bike right in the middle at Two Miles An Hour

>>2069712
>Making nitrocellulose based smokeless powder at home isn't exactly all that difficult,
when someone tried to bomb a DNC office during the jan 6th shit a bomb specialist had to go on record "AKSHUALLY"-ing the autist's attempt at doing this because it is in fact quite hard to make high enough quality gunpowder to do anything useful and is only the realm of hobbyists because simply buying it is so fucking cheap but requires so much inexpensive but unfamiliar to normies manufacturing equipment that you would have to be a moron or an enthusiast to bother making it at home

turns out you dont just mix the ping pong balls and horse piss in a bag, you also need to use a sieve and have a proper drying oven and shit that internet weirdos somehow always seem to miss

>>2069752
>no need for the acid,
>bacteria growth,
That's not what the acid is for.